Cytopathological study of cervical smears and corelation of findings with risk factors

Abstract

Cervical malignancy is the second most common cancer in women worldwide, In present study, results of 400 Pap smears are analyzed ,which had been examined in cytology section (Department of Pathology, P.D.U. Medical College, Rajkot) during 2 years time duration (2009-2010). All cervical smears collected and stained by Pap staining method. The smears were reported using The Bethesda system 2001. The commonest complaints observed during study were abnormal vaginal discharge (46.5%) and menstrual abnormalities (20.5%). According to classification of smears by Bethesda system, 18(4.5%) were unsatisfactory, 148(37%) were normal, 07(1.25%) had atrophic changes, 190(47.5%) were inflammatory, 03(0.75%) were ASCUS, 20(5%) were LSIL, 11(2.75%) were HSIL and 03(0.75%) were squamous cell carcinoma. , majority patients had 2 children 144(36%) and study showed that high parity was associated with higher occurrence of premalignant and malignant lesions of cervix. Pap smear is a simple, cheap, safe and practical diagnostic tool for early detection of cervical cancer in high risk group population and therefore should be established as routine screening procedure. It is recommended that reporting should be done by The Bethesda System as it improves the reproducibility and helps in identification of ASCUS and AGUS lesions and plays a key role to diagnose various intraepithelial lesions and invasive lesions at an early stage and manage them properly.