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Inhibition of lipid peroxidation and in-vitro antioxidant capacity of aqueous, acetone and methanol leaf extracts of green and red acalypha wilkesiana muell arg.

Authors:MO. DIDUNYEM, BO. ADETUYI, IA. OYEWALE
Int J Biol Med Res. 2020; 11(3): 7089-7094  |  PDF File

Abstract

Objective: The therapeutic potency of a medicinal plant is widely implicative of its anti-oxidative power. This study investigated the phytoconstitution, phenolic contents and the antioxidant potency (in-vitro) of aqueous, acetone and methanol leaf extracts of green and red Acalypha wilkesiana (A.w.) Method: Phytochemical screening was carried out as well as investigation of the antioxidant activity of the extracts by estimating the level of phenolics, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2-azino-biz(3-ethylthianzoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), nitric oxide (NO) as well as lipid peroxidation inhibitory potencies. Results: Preliminary phytochemical screening revealed the presence of flavonoid, saponin, alkaloid and carotenoid in the extracts. The highest total phenol content was observed in the aqueous extracts of red (29.72 ± 3.39mg/g) and green A.w. (22.56 ± 0.66mg/g). Total flavonoids content and FRAP results also followed the same trend; (344.60 ± 7.01mg/g and 706.46 ± 1.04mmol/g respectively) for the red A.w. and (339.37 ± 9.50mg/g and 679.14 ± 0.45mmol/g respectively) for the green A.w. meanwhile the highest total flavonol content was observed in the methanol extract of red A.w. with a value of 213.19 ± 2.44mg/g. The highest inhibitory effect on DPPH radicals, ABTS radicals and lipid peroxidation were expressed by the aqueous extract of red Acalypha wilkesiana with IC50 values of 0.59mg/ml, 0.64mg/ml and 0.62mg/ml respectively, followed by the aqueous extract of green Acalypha wilkesiana with IC50 values of 0.60mg/ml, 0.68mg/ml and 0.78mg/ml respectively. The aqueous extracts of green and red A. w. exhibited the highest inhibition towards NO with IC50 of 0.42mg/ml and 0.43mg/ml respectively. Conclusion: Results from this study suggest that aqueous extracts of these plants (with a higher potency observed in the red) possess high antioxidant levels.