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Oxidative stress marker and antioxidant status in falciparum malaria in relation to the intensity of parasitaemia

Authors:Mohd Khalid Rashid ,Roshan Alam, Saba Khan, Ved Prakash
Int J Biol Med Res. 2013; 4(3): 3469-3471  |  PDF File

Abstract

Introduction: Malaria is a vector–borne infectious disease caused by five protozoan parasite species of the Plasmodium, the most serious forms of the disease are caused by P. falciparum and is highly widespread throughout tropical and subtropical regions. Malarial infection causes significant destruction of erythrocytes. The malaria parasite itself generates large quantities of reactive oxygen species and also through its interaction with phagocytes cell system. Falciparum malarial infection causes major imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant defense system. Objective: The main aim of this study was to assess the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant status in patients of falciparum malaria with respect to the intensity of parasitaemia. Methods: Blood samples were collected in vacutainers with anticoagulant EDTA. Plasma used for estimation of MDA (Malondialdehyde), Vitamin C and Vitamin E whereas the level of parasitaemia in peripheral blood smears stained determined by Giemsa stain. The present study was conducted on 35 patients of Plasmodium falciparum malaria between the age group 4-12 year. Lipid peroxidation and antioxidants status were estimated in both study (35) and control group (40). Results: In mild parasitaemia MDA level was significantly increased (p<0.01) whereas Vitamin C and Vitamin E were non-significant as compared to control. The increase in plasma MDA level in moderate and severe parasitaemia was highly significant (p<0.001) and decrease in Vitamin C and Vitamin E level was highly significant (p<0.001) as compared to normal subjects. Conclusions: Oxidative stress induced by falciparum malaria leads to increased lipid peroxidation in infected children. Our study suggest that there is an imbalance between plasma oxidant and antioxidant system in falciparum malaria.