A histopathological spectrum of nephrectomy specimens in a tertiary hospital in southern india.

Abstract

Like any other human organ kidney may be involved by neoplastic and non neoplastic diseases requiring the removal of the organ. This study has been taken up to analyse kidney diseases histopathologically, to record and report the various lesions of the kidney and their subtypes , to analyse the gender and the age incidence and record the various lesions which have lead to partial nephrectomy,total nephrectomy,unilateral and bilateral nephrectomies.This study was a retrospective and prospective study (May 2003 –June 2012). undertaken on 70 nephrectomy specimens during the time period of 2 years The final diagnosis was arrived at after correlating the clinical features, gross , microscopic findings ,histochemistry wherever required.A total of 70 nephrectomy specimens were studied of which Simple and radical nephrectomy accounted for 92.9% and 7.1% respectively. The spectrum of pathological lesions included inflammatory,benign and malignant lesions. Non-neoplastic lesions were the most common reasons for nephrectomy with chronic pyelonephritis being the most common lesion .Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) was the most common malignant tumour seen in this study. Benign tumour were rare in the study with a single case each of congenital mesoblastic nephroma and angiomyolipoma. Other rare tumours like collecting duct carcinoma ,sarcomatoid carcinoma and hemangiopericytoma were also encountered in ths study.